https://pathofscience.org/index.php/ps/issue/feedPath of Science2024-03-27T11:22:26+02:00Path of Sciencemail@pathofscience.orgOpen Journal Systems<p><span><strong><span lang="EN-US">Traektori</span>â <span lang="EN-US">Nauki = </span>Path of Science </strong>is an international open-access, peer-reviewed electronic journal created to fully and promptly meet the information needs of society in the knowledge gained in the course of research and development, research and design, design and technology and production activities of scientists and experts.</span></p><p>The journal publishes original research papers, review articles and short communications papers in Social, Technical, Natural sciences and Humanities. The scope of problems of articles is not limited.</p><p>Articles for publication are accepted in English, Ukrainian and Russian.</p><p><span>The journal is published monthly.</span></p>https://pathofscience.org/index.php/ps/article/view/3031On Transliteration of Chinese Anthroponyms and Toponyms Into Azerbaijani and Establishment of Guidelines2024-03-27T11:22:25+02:00Siyuan Wangsiyuanw53@gmail.com<p>Accurate translation facilitates seamless communication. Personal and geographical names are frequently used in communication, necessitating a uniform standard for transliterating anthroponyms and toponyms from the source to the target language. The Republic of Azerbaijan achieved independence nearly three decades ago. Despite extensive efforts in various fields throughout time, problems with transliteration persist. In 2013, a state program on using Azerbaijani was launched, including a clause on formulating guidelines for mutual transliteration between Azerbaijani and other languages. Over the last decade, transliteration tables for toponyms in Azerbaijani-Russian and Azerbaijani-English languages have been compiled, and publications utilising materials in both languages have been released. However, the absence of research concerning the Chinese language has led to considerable problems in the translation process and daily interaction. Currently, there are no established criteria for transliterating Chinese anthroponyms and toponyms into Azerbaijani, and some transliterations have phonetic inaccuracies. In this article, transliterations of certain Chinese anthroponyms and toponyms found on the AZERTAC (The Azerbaijan State News Agency) portal were examined and criticised, and guidelines for transliterating Chinese anthroponyms and toponyms into Azerbaijani were also proposed. Translating Chinese characters into other languages is not undemanding, and finding a comprehensive solution within the confines of a single article poses a challenging endeavour. This article laid the initial scientific foundation for creating Chinese-Azerbaijani transliteration tables.</p>2024-03-24T19:56:49+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Siyuan Wanghttps://pathofscience.org/index.php/ps/article/view/3049Standard Language in Norway and Azerbaijan2024-03-27T11:22:25+02:00Aytan Mammadovaaytan.mammadova19@gmail.com<p>A standard or common literary language is a cultural and historical event. This language's oral and written form is based on the artistic needs of society and created as a result of particular necessities. The norms of the language are put forward through a standard language, and a neat, grammatically and phonologically "perfect" form of speech emerges. Moreover, a particular order is created, which is applied to local authorities, the press, and education, and they are expected to follow these language rules.</p><p>Also, a standard literary language is essential for second language learners. Without a standard spoken literary language, foreigners meet difficulties in language learning. For instance, second language learners study a different form of Norwegian in the classroom. Still, they meet Norwegians who use a dialect daily, which can cause misunderstandings for foreigners. There is no official standard language in Norway. However, some linguists do not agree with this statement and associate standard language with prestige and high social status. On the contrary, Azerbaijan has an official common literary language in both spoken and written form.</p>Norway and Azerbaijan's official languages have undergone a series of complicated historical development stages. Norway has two official written languages, bokmål and Nynorsk. Azerbaijan has one official written language, Azerbaijani. Even though Norway has no officially accepted standard spoken language, people sometimes follow standard speaking rules. However, people tend to use dialects or fail to use the standard form of language in Azerbaijan. Therefore, the analysis of the language society in these two countries is of interest.2024-02-28T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Aytan Mammadovahttps://pathofscience.org/index.php/ps/article/view/2947An Analytical Study on the Reformation of the Nigerian Education System2024-03-27T11:22:26+02:00Ejuchegahi Anthony Angwaomaodokoejuchegahi.angwaomaodoko@gmail.com<p align="justify">The apparent deterioration in the standard of the educational system in Nigeria has become a significant source of concern to government officials at the local and state level and private citizens despite different reforms over the years that have been put in place to proffer possible solutions to this challenges and ensure that the products of our educational system are more self-reliant, sustainable and also able to make a necessary contribution to the advancement of the country. Some of the most notable reforms are the UPE and UBE schemes centred on enhancing the literacy level among citizens, yet the same challenges that hampered the success of UPE persist in the UBE scheme. Challenges across our educational sector include a lack of accurate statistical data, funding, infrastructure, inconsistent policies, and curriculum implementation. Considering the significance of education in developing a thriving nation, we should urgently prioritize a complete overhaul of the education system.</p>2024-03-24T19:56:49+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Ejuchegahi Anthony Angwaomaodokohttps://pathofscience.org/index.php/ps/article/view/3020Analysis of Athlete Rights Fulfillment in the KONI Aceh Development Training Center, Indonesia2024-03-27T11:22:26+02:00Teguh Wan Muribteguhwanmurib01@gmail.comRazali Razalirazali.ismail@usk.ac.idYeni Marlinayenimarlinay@usk.ac.idMansur Mansurmansur_fsd@usk.ac.idMiskalena Miskalenamiskalena@usk.ac.idAbdurrahman Abdurrahmanabdurrahman.jpok@usk.ac.id<p>The Minister of Youth and Sports Regulation No 24 of 2017 regulates the fulfilment of athletes' rights concerning criteria and standards for developing talented prospective athletes and providing income and facilities to outstanding athletes and coaches. Therefore, it has become the obligation of institutions such as KONI Aceh, responsible for athlete development, to fulfil all rights Aceh Pelatda athletes possess. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation and execution of athletes' rights and the obstacles faced by Aceh regional training athletes in obtaining their rights by applicable regulations. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis, employing research instruments such as interviews, observations, and documentary studies. The subjects in this study are 12 individuals, including representatives of the KONI Vice Chairman/Chairman of Pelatda Aceh, KONI Secretary, and two athletes from each of the five different branches, totalling ten individuals. The results show that aspects such as honorariums, accommodation, meals, additional food, travel expenses, and health check-up services have been well implemented in implementing athletes' rights fulfilment by KONI Aceh. However, some areas need improvement, such as drafting employment agreements between athletes and KONI Aceh, improving consumption management, and enhancing health services, especially in psychology. The obstacles athletes face, especially regarding legal uncertainty, are caused by the absence of written agreements between athletes and KONI Aceh. Athletes' perceptions of the fulfilment of rights provided by KONI Aceh tend to be positive, with athletes feeling satisfied with the rights provided. However, there is room for improvement in certain aspects. KONI Aceh is recommended to establish written agreements, revise athlete meal menus, and provide psychological services in addition to Pelatda athlete health services.</p>2024-02-28T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Teguh Wan Murib, Razali, Yeni Marlina, Mansur, Miskalena, Abdurrahmanhttps://pathofscience.org/index.php/ps/article/view/3014Analysis of Work Discipline on Performance Employee at Youth Sports Service and Lhokseumawe City Tourism2024-03-27T11:22:26+02:00Rizal Irawanirawanrizalmpo@gmail.comMiskalena Miskalenamiskalena@usk.ac.idMansur Mansurmansur_fsd@usk.ac.idRazali Razalirazali.ismail@usk.ac.idZulfikar Zulfikarzulfikar_pjkr13@usk.ac.idAlfian Rinaldyandi_68@usk.ac.id<p>This study aims to evaluate the impact of work discipline on employee performance in the Youth, Sports, and Tourism Department of Lhokseumawe City. The research focuses on all employees working in this department. The sampling method used the Slovin method, determining a sample size of 49 individuals. A questionnaire is utilised for data collection, and data analysis is carried out through a quantitative descriptive approach, particularly the Spearman rank correlation test and hypothesis testing. From the research analysis results regarding the impact of work discipline on employee performance in the Youth, Sports, and Tourism Department of Lhokseumawe City, it is evident that the significance value from the Spearman rank correlation analysis is 0.002 < 0.05.</p><p>Furthermore, the T-test results show a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Overall, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between the work discipline variable (X) and the employee performance variable (Y). This highlights the crucial role of work discipline in influencing employee performance in the environment of the Youth, Sports, and Tourism Department of Lhokseumawe City. The findings provide a basis for developing more effective management strategies to enhance work discipline and employee performance.</p><p>Additionally, it is essential to note that these findings can serve as a foundation for developing more effective management strategies to improve work discipline and employee performance. This indicates that effective measures to enhance work discipline can significantly improve employee performance. Organisations can improve efficiency and enhance employee productivity by emphasising strong work discipline. Therefore, this research recommends implementing strategies to improve work discipline in the Youth, Sports, and Tourism Department of Lhokseumawe City. These efforts are expected to have a positive impact on employee performance and enhance the achievement of organisational goals.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Rizal Irawan, Miskalena, Mansur, Razali, Zulfikar, Alfian Rinaldyhttps://pathofscience.org/index.php/ps/article/view/3033A Systematic Review of Global Research on Post Infectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans in Children2024-03-27T11:22:26+02:00Vasanta Senguptavasantasengupta@gmail.comAbhijit Senguptaabit135@yahoo.com<p>The article aims to analyse the diagnosis of PIBO, inform readers about prediction models, and explore current therapeutic trends.</p><p>The Systematic Review was conducted as per PRISMA reporting guidelines. The search was done from PUBMED, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar for relevant recent studies till September 2023. The study was selected for those satisfying the following criteria: 1) Studies include only children with Post- Infectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans; 2) Original articles with cross-sectional, case-control, and RCT were included. The data collected includes the type of study, author, publication year, study period, study design, study country, number of participants, diagnostic criteria of Post-Infectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans, respiratory pathogens, risk factors, and current therapy trends. The first part of the study involves making the entity of Post-Infectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans well understood through the various primary studies. The second part is about medical treatment attempted successfully by multiple professionals and their studies. Studies including Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Lung Transplantation, and chronic lung disease were excluded.</p>With this information, an attempt has been made to simplify the identification of PIBO, avoid misdiagnosis, and shed some light on the various Prediction models for PIBO and the therapies tried with some success.2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Vasanta Sengupta, Abhijit Sengupta